Drama †Blood Brothers Response Essay

Blood brothers is a story which was written in 1981 as a school play and included a range of themes which help the audience understand and feel for the story rather than just watching it. The themes in this play include poverty, innocence, love, games, belief and superstition. I feel that the key themes that control the play are chance and society of the time and I feel that most of the story circles around these themes and most events are caused by these themes. To emphasize the themes in the play, we created a three minute version of the play which consisted of still images, narration and stylised movement. We decided to split the play into four sections which were: baby years, childhood, 14 – 17 years and 20+ years. We decided that we would show the giving away of the baby as this allows the rest of the story to flow. If it wasn’t for this specific scene, the story wouldn’t have happened as the giving away of one twin is a significant event in the play. This also allowed us to add emotion to our piece as this is one of the several events which separate people into two opinions. For the second section (which was childhood) we included images of them first meeting, playing games, both of the mothers separating Mickey and Eddie and Mrs Johnstone giving the locket to Eddie. My group and I felt that these were also important events in the play; in fact one of the main themes in the play is games which relates to the robbery and overall shooting of both twins later on. For 14 -17 years, we decided to show both children being suspended from school, the meet up between friends with the devil narration on top which we thought allowed our piece to flow making it easier to understand. At the last stage, 20+, we performed four still images which included an unemployment scene, Linda’s pregnancy, Eddie and Linda being together and finally the shooting with the second half of the images having the mad man narration over the top: ‘There’s a mad man running round and round You know the devil’s got your number You know he’s right beside you He’s screamin’ deep inside you And someone said he’s callin’ your number up today Today Today TODAY!’ This piece of narration was used in our three minute version of the play as we thought that it summed up a lot of the happenings in this age group and is a constant theme throughout the play. I found that the best way to tell this story within the three minutes was to use different techniques which allowed expressing and stressing of several moments in a play making it more effective. In our three minute version, this included levels, space and marking the moment. One example of these entire three put together was when both boys got expelled. We had the class sitting down at the back while the teacher was standing up straight looking down on one pupil who was higher than the class but lower than the teacher. This made use of levels, space and also marked the moment by focusing on the locket. We decided to make the giving away of the baby the most significant point in the play. This is because the whole of the story centres on this point, and if it wasn’t for this event, none of the other events would have happened. To mark this moment, we used narration which was originally placed over the point where Mrs Johnstone was only considering giving the baby to Mrs Lyons. ‘How quickly and idea, planted, can Take root and grow into a plan. The thought conceived in this very room Grew as surely as a seed, in a mother’s womb’ This piece of narration allowed us to realise how the event they are seeing came into being. We found that forum theatre was a very useful technique to bring Mickey’s monologue to life. Forum theatre was used to change the way we said lines and how to put expression, feeling and life to the lines which in turn make the monologue a lot more vibrant and interesting. The way we performed forum theatre was to have someone acting out a verse of the poem. We then got the audience to comment and suggest improvements. We then acted the verse out again and repeated the process until we were happy with it. Below is the verse we performed. ‘Y’ know our Sammy, He draws nudey women, Without arms, or legs or even heads In the baths, when he goes swimmin’. But I’m not allowed to go to the baths, Me Mam says I have to wait, ‘Cos I might get drowned, ‘cos I’m only seven, But I’m not, I’m nearly eight.’ We started off with the beginning of the verse being said in a very secretive way although it was put in the category of secret in a child which meant that it had to be told; something I had felt many a time when I was a young child which also meant my body was slightly crouched and slightly tense. I used the same experience to ‘goggle’ at what Sammy was able to do when he went swimming. Then disappointment kicks in when I hit ‘But I’m not allowed†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ as my voice goes slower and my body slumps and when the mother comes on I re-enact a rather rude hand motion usually used when someone is too talkative while the mother reads her quote. The last line is said in a way of self-pity making the character feel sorry for himself which I have felt many times when I was a young child and feeling as if my parents were deriving me of all of the world’s pleasures. In this monologue I learnt that Mickey was a character who always wanted more and wanted something someone else had that he hadn’t which is an apparent characteristic of Mickey throughout the play. It also helped me realise that it was more than just a greedy feeling as the feeling was a lot deeper and it was if the world had forgotten about him but not the others who lived in the world around him. As I said before, forum theatre had helped me find these characteristics as it helped shape what had been written. It was as if there were a lot of muddled thoughts and both me and the audience were helping to piece it together properly so we could both get an idea on how the character was really like and how the character really felt. For individual spontaneous improvisation, I acted as Mrs Johnstone where I was looking at both babies and playing with them as if it were my last time with both of them. Of course, at the time my character would have not known which baby would have been taken and because of this, I acted in a way as if it were the last time for Mrs Johnstone to see both of them. My thought track for this piece was: ‘I can’t believe this is happening’ and it would have been hard to come to terms with something which could potentially change somebody’s life, especially when it is your own son. This decision was both challenged and supported by a technique called a conscience corridor which we used to find the pros and cons of giving the baby away which was then fired to somebody stepping into the shoes of Mrs Johnstone. Feeling the confused and mixed feelings, it gave us a chance to make our own decision as if we were that character. Some pros included having money, less stress, a better life for your son, less work. Some cons included the guilt of your child being bought, splitting up a natural bond given to both children, more stress as you worry and having to cover it up from the outside world. The conscience corridor was put into action by splitting the class in half and putting them up as two sides to create a human ‘corridor’. We then got a member of our class to walk up while each person in the ‘wall’ said the pros and cons. When the person in the middle finishes walking up through the corridor, he/she tells us his/her decision. In this situation, I wrote a diary entry as Mrs Johnstone. I typed my diary entry up below ‘I can’t believe it is happening. So close to the time where one of my beloved babies would be given away to my employer. I am sure that I am doing the right thing – I can’t afford to give them both a good life and Mrs Lyons does want a baby so badly. Even so, I feel I am breaking a natural bond given to them both which makes me unsure on whether I should do it. I am in a situation which I would never wish on any mother.’ Overall, I found that explorative strategies helped us understand Blood Brothers as it allowed us to see what usually are hidden thoughts and feelings of characters. It also allows us to get into character and realise how events and other actions are performed by the character.

Do Teenagers Need a Part Time Job

Do you believe that teenagers should have a part-time job before they graduate from high school? The purpose of this essay is the explain the reasons why teenagers should have a part-time job before they graduate from high school. First of all, this would allow teenagers to be prepared for the real world. Often some teenagers will go out on their own unprepared and dependent on family or friends for money. Secondly, this could help teenagers become more responsible. Furthermore, having a part-time job would allow teenagers to have spending money. By having a part-time job this allows teenagers to be prepared for the real world. Teenagers can expand their knowledge skills and gain experience for future full-time jobs. Often teenagers may not be aware of the knowledge needed in their employment. Having the experience from part-time jobs would allow them to be more prepared. Teenagers would also learn financial skills for when they go away from home to college or university. Another thing is that by having a part-time job while still in high school that teaches teenagers responsibility by saving their earnings. Responsibility is key to being successful and by having a part-time job, teenagers improve in their accountability. Due to the fact that some students are irresponsible, they may be more efficient to become punctual and reliable. Teenagers would better understand what it is like to hold a part-time job while keeping up in school and homework. Therefore realizing what their parents do on a daily basis. For example, holding a full-time job and meeting the family responsibilities. Teenagers could also think about saving their earnings for buying the things they would like. Money is something almost every teenager wants. If teenagers had a part-time job, this would allow them to have spending money they earned by themselves. With the check they’ve received or money saved from working, they can go out to the movies, go bowling, buy clothes or just buy anything they want. Teenagers would have to spend their earnings very wisely, so they are not asking their parents for money. In conclusion, I strongly believe that it is important for teenagers to have a part time job before they graduate from high school. Although, having a part time job could take time away from yourself such as working on homework or spending time with friends, teenagers can put time aside for a night they aren’t working to go to a movie or just do something they enjoy. Part time jobs have many benefits so I don’t see why some teenagers stay at home doing nothing or spending too much time with friends, when they can be working and getting prepared for the future. Teenagers need to learn life skills early in life. So they are not living at home, with no jobs after high school if they are not going to pursue there education. This is why teenagers should have part-time jobs.

Selection of Consultants Benefits Administration Operations Thesis Proposal

Selection of Consultants Benefits Administration Operations - Thesis Proposal Example 2.0 Project Terms of Reference 2.1 Introduction and Background LRH Financial is a global investment management firm. The company has been a pioneer in providing new and innovative investment management services to our clients worldwide. 2.2 Project Objective Employees are the most important resource an organization has and LRH recognizes the importance of providing employee well-being by offering state of the art benefits package to our employees. The objective of this project is to update Benefits Administration of LRH. This will improve and enhance the benefits package that our employees obtain from the company. 2.3 Project Scope LRH likes to outsource the following benefits administration operations to a vendor who can provide all of most of the following services, preferably for 5 years. The broad scope of this project covers the following (Wayne State University, n.d.): 2.3.1. Medical and Dental Insurance - Company offers a variety of medical insurance services like hospitalization expenses etc., to employees and their dependants. The vendor will manage the medical insurance records and claims. 2.3.2. Life Insurance - The vendor will develop procedures for maintaining life insurance files and systems for the company's employees. 2.3.3. Retirement Plan - Retirement allowances and severance pay etc. will be calculated and maintained by the vendor for the company. 2.3.4. Tuition Assistance Plan - The company offers tuition assistance to its employees' children. The records and related calculation systems will be operated by the vendor observing the company's directives. 2.3.5. Online access to Benefits Administration for self-service functionality - A self-service function will be available on the company's intranet where all...The objective of this project is to update Benefits Administration of LRH. This will improve and enhance the benefits package that our employees obtain from the company. LRH likes to outsource the following benefits administration operations to a vendor who can provide all of most of the following services, preferably for 5 years. The broad scope of this project covers the following (Wayne State University, n.d.): 2.3.1. Medical and Dental Insurance - Company offers a variety of medical insurance services like hospitalization expenses etc., to employees and their dependants. The vendor will manage the medical insurance records and claims. 2.3.4. Tuition Assistance Plan - The company offers tuition assistance to its employees' children. The records and related calculation systems will be operated by the vendor observing the company's directives. 2.3.5. Online access to Benefits Administration for self-service functionality - A self-service function will be available on the company's intranet where all the employees can have secured access to their benefits administration records. They should also be able to communicate with relevant vendor personnel to resolve any queries they might have.

Agile software development Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Agile software development - Assignment Example On the other hand, agile software development methodology is a software development process that is aimed at developing a software application quickly and allowing for late changes. In addition, CMMI heavily relies on documentation and everything is properly documented when CMMI is being adopted. However, agile software development approach relies on minimum documentation because its focus is on the development. Though, both agile and CMMI have their advantages and disadvantages and the research has shown that if they are implemented effectively, they can work jointly and can play a significant role in the improvement of software development. In fact, principles and practices offered by the agile software development approach ensures critical, long-standing process improvement, hence making it a perfect partner of the CMMI model, which provides an excellent structure of an organization-wide, effectively trained nonstop optimization and improvement. Hence, it can be said that there is no incompatibility between CMMI and agile. In fact, the mixture of both CMMI and Agile complete each other’s capabilities as well as can lead to quick, reasonable, observable, and the continuing benefits (Ropa, 2014; Glazer, 2010). In view of the fact that in the agile software development the programming starts immediately and the testing phase remains active throughout the programming. In this scenario, the software testers have to perform a variety of testing techniques again and again. So the automation of these tests becomes essential. In fact, agile development cannot be successful without automating its testing phase. However, the decision about which tests need to be automated is taken while planning for a given user story. At this stage, testers and developers work collaboratively to determine where automation can be used to activate acceptance/signal completion of the story. Without a doubt, automated testing is really a precondition to becoming a truthfully agile

Total Quality Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Total Quality Management - Essay Example This approach to quality helps in sustenance of success and business profits in the long run. Moreover, adopting TQM approach is also a long-term commitment and cannot be achieved through simple practices. TQM is more of a philosophy and a culture that infuses focus on quality, improvement, as well as innovation. Hence, this approach uses a combination of different practices, tools and techniques. The present discourse explains application of one such technique at the accounting section of Al Faisaliah, in Saudi Arabia, which resulted in an overall improvement and sustenance of their performance in terms of key results; further this approach helped in identifying non-performing areas and in stabilizing new practices that replaced conventional methods of working in order to sustain high performance. Basically, application of TQM happens in two phases namely the human resources phase and application of tools and techniques phase. The process of TQM requires commitment from employees an d effective coordination and communication along with new methods of working. Both phases are closely linked to each other in the process of TQM application because achieving total quality is possible only through strong commitment, teamwork and application of various tools, techniques and practices produce high-quality and/or sustainable results. One such comprehensive approach, or tool, to achieving continuous improvement in all business areas is the Six Sigma methodology. About Six-Sigma, Tennant (2001) suggests that Six Sigma, as an approach to TQM, can be viewed as a vision and philosophy that can direct an organization, department, and team or function towards highest quality standards; as a metric, a symbol, a goal and a methodology to help an organization maintain highest quality standards. However, this approach cannot be considered as the end solution or guarantee of success; and is a complex mix of different tools and techniques. This methodology can be applied to manufac turing as well as service industries. Just as TQM is a measure of continuous improvement, Six Sigma methodology is most suitably applicable to achieve continuous improvement in quality, productivity, customer satisfaction, timeliness, and any other measurable business attribute; however, six sigma cannot be applied to situations or processes that lack historical data and tangible metrics. Intangible objectives such as employee motivation, commitment etc can also be improved by using Six Sigma methodology only if these subjective attributes can be converted to measurable objectives and can be measured to derive a quantifiable number that can describe the present status. Despite presence of proven and efficient quality tools and techniques in the market, some companies have embraced Six-Sigma methodology as their guiding force towards TQM. The pioneers of this technique are Motorola and General Electric (GE), both adopted this technique to improve their manufacturing quality and waste reduction. General Electric embraced Six Sigma much more rampantly than any other firm in their manufacturing as well as service sectors. They attribute cost reduction, customer satisfaction improvement, Wall Street recognition and corporate synergies to application of Six Sigma methodologies. Six Sigma is embedded into GE’s culture. This company employs over 4000 Black Belts and 10000 Green Belts across its businesses, and has set a benchmark for Six

Discussion for online Economics class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion for online Economics class - Essay Example Needs are the essentials and necessities of life. Based on Grover’s (2011) assertions, it is obvious that people can do without the media even though it makes life comfortable. Given the fact that media is considered as wants and not needs; the executives of such media aim at translating the wants into demand. The only way of attaining this aim is to increase the utility that consumers or the public derive from public media through involving them to be part of the fund drives. Participation of the public in fund drives will make them believe that they need to enjoy the services of the public media hence need to derive some utility (Frank & Bernanke, 2013). Nevertheless, there is a possibility that consumers will engage in rational spending. Rational spending rule involves reducing spending on the basis of increases in prices. Making the public media less public would mean that there will be increases in prices to meet the costs associated with disseminating information (Frank & Bernanke, 2013). Such increases will definitely drive away consumers on the basis of the rational spending rule. Whilst engaged in rational spending, consumers will aim at attaining the highest level of utility hence leveling the marginal utility of consumed products thus leading to aspects of income and substitution effects especially when they change from consuming media products (Frank & Bernanke,

Gilgamesh Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Gilgamesh - Essay Example He wants to be immortal so badly that he is willing to do whatever it takes to achieve that state. Then he is met by a human figure whom is not aware of his own potentials as a human. They create a unique friendship and bond. This human figure aids him in realizing his existence as a human and not only as a god. Finally, when losing his new friend, humility begins to set in and the truth of his immorality is faced. Gilgamesh goes on a quest for everlasting life to get his dear friend back. The quest is similar to this thing we call life here on earth! Gilgamesh is happy with his kingly status. He realizes that he is more god than human and possesses supernatural powers. The story begins with Gilgamesh of Uruk. He is known as the greatest king on the earth. He is also known to be the strongest King-god who ever existed. The people who belong to Gilgamesh are everything but happy. They express their concerns in regards to his abusiveness. He abuses his powers and sleeps with women before their husbands do. In order to help solve this situation, the goddess of creation Aruru creates the wild-man Enkidu who is made human by Shamhat, a temple prostitute. Enkidu is known as Gilgamesh’s counter part. â€Å"When he sees her he will draw near to her and his animals, who grew up in his wilderness, will be alien to him.† (Carnahan) Enkidu and Gilgamesh become friends and go off on a journey of the inner soul. The quest that he goes on at first is for his own honor. He wants to go and create a monument for himself. He wants to be elevated to the highest point that he can be. It is not about others at this point. It is only about him. His journey is for his own selfish gain. â€Å"I have not established my name stamped on bricks as my destiny decreed; therefore I will go to the country where the cedars are cut. I will set up my name in the place where the names of famous men are written, and where no man’s name is written yet, I

New Ideas in Lighting Get Closer to Market Research Paper

New Ideas in Lighting Get Closer to Market - Research Paper Example The scope of saving energy and the techniques required may vary from place to place but it is regarded switching to more eco-friendly and energy efficient source as it helps in reducing the CO2 emissions by a significant number (CARDWELL, 2014). Adapting to energy efficient sources usually costs more money up-front but in many cases the capital outlay will be paid back in the form of reduced energy costs within a short period of time. This makes switching to energy efficient sources more attractive and budget friendly. In order to conserve and save energy in terms of light bulbs, green lights are the most efficient option available today to save more energy. Incandascent bulbs have been the mainstream bulbs we have known. Incandescent use more electricity during the process of production of heat hence they are short-lived and need constant replacement. Usually homeowners would argue that energy saver lights such as the LED and other energy saver bulbs or energy saver light bulbs are less expensive than ever before and provide superior light quality, and quickly payback in the form of saving energy and reducing replacement costs. LED lights are more affordable and flexible now. These incredibly efficient and technologically advanced lights will be the lights used in future. There are other lights bulbs which are also energy efficient, such as the CFL (compact florescent lights), which have come a long way and can be fitted into the same socket as the incandescent bulbs (smartandgreen.eu, 2014). This is the most common type of lighting in homes, owing to the fact that it is affordable and comes in a vast range of sizes, shapes, and wattages. The drawback of these bulbs, however, is that they are inefficient. They produce light by heating a solid material until that material produces a glow. In the process, much energy is consumed as a result of the heat that is produced. As a

Public Sector Accounting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Public Sector Accounting - Assignment Example Conversely, the cash flow accounts have been adopted into company accounting in the latest decades, however, it is not called â€Å"adoption of public segment accounting.† Regardless of the significance given to cash inflow accounts, it acts only to â€Å"add-on the data in the balance sheet as well as the statement of income† (Hopwood 2000, p.24). In the debate enclosing present day’s public sector accounting restructuring, the existing philosophy intervenes an absolute changeover from â€Å"company accounting-like† techniques, by which on hand information is re-organized to produce additional financial accounts, to double-entry accounting and other company accounting techniques ‒ that is, the execution of company bookkeeping practices for public segment accounting ‒ and this transformation will necessitate significant reforms to the existing framework (Budding & Tagesson 2010, p.55-73). Bookkeeping has traditionally been split into company accounting as well as non-profit bookkeeping on the grounds of whether the monetary unit works to generate net profits. Comparisons with company bookkeeping, which has, in general, the â€Å"bookkeeping† aspect, should be drawn when debating changes of public segment accounting. One setback mentioned in the present system, nonetheless, is that such assessm ents have included nothing more than cataloging those components available in company bookkeeping but not available in public segment accounting, although the two vary in their aims. As a result, this manuscript will study the nature of public segment bookkeeping as it was and company bookkeeping as it is, and will examine the adoption of company bookkeeping practices in public segment accounting now getting underway (Handbook of national accounting: Public sector accounts 2003, p.44)

Labour Market Policy Write a continuous essay to answer one of the 5

Labour Market Policy Write a continuous to answer one of the 5 questions - Essay Example Estimates given shows that unemployment levels mostly stayed below the 5 percent level with coming down to nearly 1 percent during 1950. However, the level of unemployment started to rise gradually during the period of 1970 reaching to 8.5 percent during 1991. This reflects a meteoric rise in the nature of unemployment in Britain in regards to other economies of Europe. Estimates reveal that unemployment in Britain rose by 31 percent unlike a rise of only 4 percent in France during the early period of 1990. (McLaughlin, 1992, pp. 1-2) As a solution measure, the right approach to labor policy needs to be determined. It is observed that the nature of unemployment varies along different countries around the world depending on various factors. Factors, which are mainly observed to contribute to the unemployment growth after the 1970 period, can be listed as the different set of ideologies regarding management of wage structure, the pattern of labor elasticity and labor potential of different countries. Differences in the degree of labor potential in the different countries owe its occurrence due to the promotion of open-market economy. Promotion of the open-market economy led to the use of use of exchange rates to different regions of the market. This is taken to be a potential reason for the differences in labor potential in different market economies around the world. The above fact can also be demonstrated in respect of the traded goods area of the German Republic. It is found that the growth in production in the traded goods section of the German economy surpasses the productivity growth in li ke sector in Britain. The above fact owes its effects from two reasons. The first reason that can be attributed to the above cause is the rise in wages in the traded sector in Germany in comparison with no such wage rise in Britain’s traded goods sector.

Gow Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example for Free

Gow Rhetorical Analysis Essay Chapter 19 of the book The Grapes of Wrath presents historical background on the development of land ownership in California, and traces the American settlement of the land taken from the Mexicans. Fundamentally, the chapter explores the conflict between farming solely as a means of profit making and farming as a way of life. Throughout this chapter, Steinbeck uses a wide variety of persuasive techniques including parallelism, diction, and metaphors to convey his attitude about the plight of migrants migrating to California. This chapter is filled with parallelism. The Californians wonder â€Å"what if [the okies] won’t scare,† (236) and â€Å"what if they stand up† (236) and â€Å"shoot back† (236). Here, Steinbeck is pointing out the natives’ fears and hinting about the migrant’s bravery. He also makes a distinct contrast between the recently arrived Okies who believe that they â€Å"ain’t foreign† (233) and the Californians. Perceiving themselves as coming from a similar background as the rest of the inhabitants of the Golden State, the Okies insist on similar rights; however, the natives believe that although the Okies â€Å"talk the same language† (236) they â€Å"ain’t the same† (236). This knowledge that they deserve the same decencies as any other American citizens gives strength and credence to their demands. Steinbeck makes the Okies appear more dangerous to the California natives and hints that they have the power and ambition to seize the land if they come together. Steinbeck uses diction to prove that the Okies are great people, and that they might be unstoppable if they come together. Steinbeck talks about a boy who dies from â€Å"black tongue† (239) as a result of â€Å"not gettin’ good things to eat† (239). When the Okies learn that the boy’s â€Å"folks can’t bury him† (239) since they have to go to the â€Å"county stone orchard† (239) to do so, their â€Å"hands [go] into† their â€Å"pockets and little coins [come] out† Although, the Okies have barely got enough food to feed their own families, they will not hesitate to help a person in need. Steinbeck is trying to prove how these â€Å"people are good people†(239) and that they are â€Å"kind† (239) no matter how poor they are. In the end of this chapter, he talks about how they constantly pray to God that someday â€Å"kind people won’t all be poor† (239) and that someday â€Å"a kid can eat† ( 239). Steinbeck points out that â€Å"someday the praying would stop† and get answered. In addition to parallelism and diction, he also uses metaphors in his writing. In this chapter he tries to show how desperate the Okies really are by comparing them to â€Å"ants† (233) that are â€Å"scurrying for work, for food,† (233) and most importantly â€Å"for land† (233). He also mentions why the natives are so terrified of the Okies. The natives are scared for their faith because they picture the Okies as armies. They fear the day that the Okies will march on their land â€Å"as the Lombards did in Italy† (236) or â€Å"as the Germans did on Gaul† (236) or as â€Å"Turks did on Byzantine† (236). By making these comparisons between these armies and the Okies, Steinbeck is trying to convey the migrants as powerful. All in all, Steinbeck uses Parallelism, diction, and metaphors to convey the migrants as powerful, caring, and desperate.

The Demographic Factors For A Business Commerce Essay

The Demographic Factors For A Business Commerce Essay According to Michael Mattson John Ivancevich, the key factors influencing the differences in human behavior patterns are demographic factors, perception, ability and skills, personality and attitudes as follows: 1. Demographic factors: Demographic factors depend on someone Education, background, age, nationality, race, gender, etc. Organizations prefer those individuals who promote good socio-economic background, etc. and who are educated young people as they can better perform tasks. The young and dynamic professionals with good knowledge and communication skills are perfect and always in high demand by organizations. The study of demographic factors is important because it helps managers to select the qualified candidate for a job. 2. Ability and skills: Capacity is the physical capacity of an individual to do something. Skills can be defined as the ability to act in such a way that allows a person to do a good job perfectly. Individual behavior and performance is strongly influenced by the level of skills and competencies. A person can perform well in the organization, if his or her abilities and skills are matched with the job requirement. The manager has a very important role in the selection and assignment of individuals with particular job. 3. Perception: Perception is a process by which an individual reaches the sensory awareness or understand the information. The perception comes from the Latin word perceptio, percipio, which means receiving collecting. Â   There are many factors that affect the perception of an individual. The study of the perception plays a vital role for managers, as they know how to create a favorable atmosphere for work so that employees perceive them in a better way. Employees are probably give better results if they are going to perceive it in a positive and justified. 4. Attitude: According to psychologists, the attitude can be defined as the tendency to react positively or negatively to certain people, objects or situations. Factors such as family, culture, society and organizational factors influence attitude formation. Employees can do better for the organization if it is a positive attitude. It contributes to business growth and development 5. Personality: Personality comes from the Greek word personawhich means mask is defined as the study of personality characteristics and distinctive personality traits, the relationship between them, and how a person reacts and adapts to other people and situations. There are a number of factors that influence the personality of the individual i.e family, heredity, society, culture and situation. Its a fact that people differ in their way, responding to the organizational environment. Personality can also be termed as the most difficult aspect of human beings, which affects their behavior in a big way. It is shown that the study of personality traits offers an opportunity to understand peoples. This helps them to properly channel their efforts and motivate them to complete the organizational goals. Each organization requires a certain type of behavior from its employees and such behavior can be detected by monitoring, training, education, exposure, etc. Task for P4 Organization theory refers to the study of the phenomena of organizational functioning and performance of the behavior of individuals and groups working in them.The main theories to study the organization are as follows:- Classical theory: Efficiency productivity can be enhanced by improving the efficiency of the workers. F.W.Taylor is considered as the father of scientific management. According to him men are like machines, as good maintained machines production is more likewise healthy men can work more. He assumed there is one best method for every job. He introduced standardization of tasks, division of labour, analysis of work time measurement. He introduced the concept of fair day wages for fair days. According to him production is improved by teamwork and not by conflict. The goal is maximization of output and not limitation. The best means of doing a job needs for appropriate tools, motivation and fair wages. Bureaucratic theory: Organization designed to carry out large scale administrative tasks by thoroughly coordinating the work of many individuals. A German sociologist Max Weber introduced the idea of Bureaucracy. Salient features A person is said to have power or authority, If within the social framework his will can be imposed on others despite resistance for structuring human groups, becomes a special instance of power called authority or domination. Systems theory: Organization is as a system in which coordinated personal activities of two or more persons, held together by the potential for creating a common purpose, by willingness on the part of its members to participate in its processes and effective communication. Contingency theory It is a class of behavioral theory that claims that there is no best way to organize a corporation, to make decisions or to lead a company. Instead, the optimal course of action is dependent upon the internal and external situations. It is also called a situational theory. Functions of Management: Planning: This is the first tool function in the management process. The difference between successful and unsuccessful manager is within the planning process. Planning is the logical thinking through the goals and decision making on what needs to be done to achieve organizational goals. Â  Organization: The manager must know their subordinates and that they are able to arrange the most valuable company resources, ie its employees. This is achieved through proper management of personnel of the division, the acquisition of resources, establishment of training and organization of work groups in a productive and creative team. Â  Leading: organizational success is determined by the quality of leadership. A leader can be a manager but the manager is not necessarily a leader, says Allen, Gemmy. Leadership is the power of influence of one person over another, to encourage action aimed at achieving the objectives of the company. Â  Controlling: A process that ensures plans are implemented correctly and precisely. As said by Gemmy Allens Controlling is the last link in the chain of functional management activities and brings management cycle full circle. Managerial Roles: According to Henry Mintzberg there are ten managerial roles which are briefly developed here: FIGUREHEAD: The manager performs ceremonial symbolic duties as head of the organisation. LEADER: To develop an appropriate working atmosphere and motivating and developing subordinates. LIASION: Develops maintains a network of external contacts to gather information. MONITOR: Collects internal external information relevant to the company. Distributor: Pass a realistic and important information to their subordinates. SPOKESPERSON: communicates with the outsiders on the performance policies. OWNER: Designs and initiates changes in the company. VIOLATIONS handler: Deals with unexpected events and operational failures. RESOURCES distributor: Management and allows the use of organizational resources. NEGOTIATOR: Participates in negotiation activities with other individuals and organisations. Managerial authority: Managerial authority is the position that empowers a manager to exercise command and control over those individuals placed under him for realization of the assigned role in an organisation. Originally, the overall authority is centrally given in person of the manager. However, it is quite hard for a man to effectively execute and monitor each and every task. Therefore, various functions with a suitable authority are devolved downwards to concerned low levels for better output. The practice also provides a foundation for organisational tree specifying various powers and responsibilities in both vertical and horizontal hierarchy.

Mechanical Strength of Mild Steel

Mechanical Strength of Mild Steel Introduction CE 2.1 One day on National Geographic channel I was watching a program in which they were experimenting with the finite element analysis software to observe structure and thermal load effects on the wing of Boeing 747s wing. Luckily, during the same time, in my 8th semester back in 2013 we were taught the introduction to Finite Element Methods by our professor, Dr. Ijaz Ahmed Chaudhary in University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore. The curiosity in that subject laid the initial foundations of my interesting project named as Drop Test Calculations for Mild Steel where I worked as a Team Leader. This experience paved my way to two more leadership roles. Background CE 2.2 It was almost four years in UET Lahore. And being a student of engineering I almost had the fundamental knowledge of the field by that point. I wanted to use my theoretical knowledge in some practical way. I had already studied the mechanics of materials 1 and 2. And performed various experiments in lab to find out the material properties such as; ductility, malleability, brittleness and toughness. In 8th semester ANSYS was being used as external load analysis software in Finite Element Analysis course. I was assigned a project to select a topic and perform it in the lab and as well as analyze it using ANSYS. That was a good opportunity to gain practical experience and integrate the knowledge of Mechanics of Materials and Finite Element Analysis. Nature of Project: CE 2.3 This project included the calculation for drop testing of mild steel. In industry and real world different items and object face different kind of environmental conditions. Drop testing was used for shock loading effects. First of all, theoretical modeling was done for drop table to check either items can survive shock or not. Then commercial finite element software was used to investigate the response of drop table. Objective of the Project: CE 2.4 The objective of the report was to determine mechanical strength of mild steel. I had to use drop testing method then I investigated its behavior on finite element software. Nature of My Particular Work Area CE 2.5 In this project, I had to perform calculations for drop table by taking it as a fixed beam at both ends and applying a sinusoidal shock load of 100 gram. Then calculations were made to calculate the maximum binding stress produced in drop table. CE 2.6 Organizational Structure CE 2.7 Statement of Duties Being leader of the group my scope of duties included: To plan the project for timely completion. To make work packs to ensure health and safety. Conduct meeting with members and supervisor for mutual feedback. Theoretical calculation of drop test mechanism on mild steel. Report writing and technical presentation. Personal Engineering Activity CE 2.8 I started with literature review about drop testing and FEA on internet and library. Subsequent discussions with my professor led me up to kick off my calculations. The second step of course was to select certain parameters and their dimensions for drop testing. These parameters are given in the table below. The drop table material and the shock load value was assigned to us by our professor. I chose the dimensions of the table and mass of test item carefully. If the mass of the table is too less it wont be able to bear the shock itself let alone the test item. To make things more clear, test item is always on the top of table when shock is being applied on it. Now the next step was to calculate the weight of the table.Table thickness = d = 0.0125mTable length = l = 0.3mTable width = b = 0.3m Weight of the table =W1 = density * volume*gW1 = 86.75 NWeight of the test item = W2= 20KG = 196 NTotal Weight = W = W1+W2 = 282.75 N Moment of Inertia = I = 4.88 * 10-8 m-4 The rest of the calculations are shown belowTo calculate shock factor, F, I needed to calculate . Shock duration, , is 0.01 s and the natural time period, , is given as below: Where ,, is the static deflection and is calculated as follows: Where, W = Weight per unit length, N/m = E = Youngs modulus of Elasticity of Mild Steel = 210 x 109 N/m2 So, after substituting the values in the above equation Hence, As a result, CE 2.9 By using the graph below in Figure 1, we deduce that F factor comes out to be 1.2. Figure 1: Calculation of Factor F Moreover, some of the basic calculations are done below: Dynamic load is calculated as Pd = F * M * AA= Applied Shock = 100gM= Total Weight/gravitational force (g) Therefore , Pd = 33930 Newton Now, I have to calculate maximum bending stress Max Bending Stress =(Bending Moment * Distance from axis)/ Inertia Max Bending Stress = 48.88 MPa I verified the bending moment calculations as they were performed by my team mate and it is beyond the scope of this report to discuss it fully here. CE 2.9 According to the principle of mechanics, if the maximum bending stress produced by the applied load is less than the ultimate tensile strength of the material then the material can withstand the applied load without failure and vice versa. In this case, since the ultimate tensile strength of mild steel is 165 MPa which is greater than the maximum bending stress of 48.88 MPa produced by the applied load, drop table will easily sustain the 100 g shock loading. CE 2.10 Computational dynamics came into play in the form of FEA as I used ANSYS to simulate static deflection of the drop table subjected to 100 g shock loading. The load is applied on the top surface of drop table in form of pressure and both ends of the table are fixed by using fixed support. Material properties used for the drop table are shown in the figure 2 below. Figure 2: Material properties of the test piece CE 2.11 I still remember that there came a point where my team was very much stressed out because of the criticality of the extensive calculations involved. In fact, my team failed in couple of iterative processes and they wanted to give up on this project. I summoned a meeting where I emphasized on the fact that every failure is itself a step towards success. By omitting those factors which are causing us disappointment should be identified and removed. My team appreciated the gesture and went on to complete the project with more enthusiasm and that is when we finally got the 3D mesh of the work piece as shown below in figure 3: Figure 3: 3D meshing of the drop table The parameters for meshing details are show in figure 4 below. Figure 4: Meshing parameters obtained during FEA CE 2.11 After the meshing, the sinusoidal shock load of 100 g, shown in figure below, depicts that the maximum Von Mises stress produced in drop table amounts to be 50.23 MPa. Our theoretical calculated maximum stress comes out to be 48.88 MPa. Again, I can surely say that this stress is within the bearable load limits of the table load and hence wont fracture. The stress patterns are shown in figure 5 below. Figure 5: Static structural analysis of drop table CE 2.12 Mild steel is a very stiff material so a very high shock wave is generated when drop table hits the mild steel. On the other hand, due to its stiffness the duration of the shock is very low. In case of mild steel peak shock value calculated was 55.84 g when a drop table is dropped from a height of 330 m. Below figure 6 depicts this behavior in the form of a graph. Figure 6: Shock loading VS Time Graph CE 2.13 Von Mises stress contours produced when drop table strikes with mild steel attached sensors are shown in the figure below. Stress contours clearly shows that high stresses are produced in region where drop table makes contact with the object. Highest stress produced is 49.9 MPa as shown in figure 7. Figure7: Von Mises stress contours produced in case of mild steel programmers contact CE 2.14 As we had to use Lab with heavy machinery and metal pieces, I made sure that every used proper safety procedure such as wearing PPE. Toolbox talks and near miss discussions were conducted before every session. That was the reason project was completed without any accidents. Summary CE 2.15 The timely completion of this project boosted up my technical knowledge and had an ever lasting impact on my people and time management skills. Later on, during one of my internships I realized that my quality check department was facing a material failure issue. Keeping in view this project I performed the drop testing and deduced that the material wasnt strong enough to resist the stresses and buckled in extreme loading conditions. My study was well praised and they switched from Steel to Aluminum and since then have got fewer failures.

Contrasting Outlooks in Dream of the Rood and The Wanderer Essay

Differing Outlooks in Dream of the Rood and The Wanderer      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Outlook defines our perception of reality. The characters in Dream of the Rood and The Wanderer maintain opposed perspectives that greatly influence the way they view their common state of desolation. The dreamer and the Cross in Dream of the Rood embrace a religious ideology that gives them hope, whereas the earth-walker in The Wanderer embraces an existential view that leaves him to suffer his loneliness. The characters' differing outlooks greatly influence how they view their exile, their ultimate destination, and the journey to this destination, their "homecoming."    The characters of both works face exile: the dreamer's friends have "gone hence from the delights of the world," the Cross is "taken from [its] stump," and the wanderer is "far from dear kinsmen" (Rood 20-1; Wanderer 69). This exile saddens all of the characters: the dreamer is "all afflicted with sorrows," the Cross is "sore afflicted with griefs," and the earth-walker is "wretched with care" (Rood 19-20; Wanderer 69). While the characters face similar desolation and melancholy, however, they differ greatly in their reactions.    Before the dreamer approached the Cross he was dispirited, but upon hearing t... ...dle Ages," pp. 1-26; The Dream of the Rood, The Wanderer, (700/900), Five Old English Riddles (pp. 150-51), translated from Old English    Dockray-Miller, Mary. "The Feminized Cross of 'The Dream of the Rood.'" Philological Quarterly 76 (1997): 1-18.    Finnegan, Robert Emmett, 'The Gospel of Nicodemus and The Dream of the Rood, 148b-156'.   Neuphilologische Mitteilungen. 84 (1983): 338-43.    "The Wanderer." The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Ed. M.H. Abrams. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1993. 68-70.    Woolf, Rosemary. "Doctrinal Influences on The Dream of the Rood." MAE 28 (1958): 137-53.

The Different Places in Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching G

The Different Places in Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God It’s amazing that one state can have within it places that differ greatly in all aspects—people, surrounding, weather, and feeling. Zora Neale Hurston exemplifies this phenomenon in Their Eyes Were Watching God. There are a multitude of differences between Eatonville, FL and the Everglades; each place represents a certain theme or feeling to Janie (the main character) and their differences each contribute to the meaning of the novel as a whole. Eatonville is just hours away from the Everglades so it seems that these two places must have something in common, especially if they’re in the same book, but they don’t unless you count Janie living in both places as something similar. While Janie is married to Joe Starks in Eatonville, she loses her sense of self. Joe makes her wear her hair up and she’s treated as if she’s Joe’s servant, not wife. This is much different than the treatment she gets in the Everglades with Tea Cake. Tea Cake allows her to be his peer and be herself. Janie is tied down in Eatonvi...

written communication Essay example -- essays research papers

INTRODUCTION. â€Å"Man is an animal that lives in language as a fish lives in water and so written communication is just one of the ways that man can survive through† (English scholar Annie Dillard). Writing is a skill to give information. Like all skills, it is not inborn and so it needs to be learnt. To give information you need good communication skills including the ability to write simply, clearly and concisely (Harris & Cunningham, 1996). QUESTION A. Delineate the purpose of written communication, giving reasons for your answers. Different people have different reasons as to why they write. Some people write for their own private reasons or to attain their own individual goals. An example of this ‘private writing’ is exploratory writing. This is writing ideas that you do not want others to see. Introductory writing where you free write on a topic, before composing what you want to say. Examples of writing to explore a topic include keeping a journal, which helps one to take down information that will help him recollect and investigate ideas for a future write up. Another purpose in written communication may be to communicate something that happened, or narrating an experience to a reader. This is referred to as writing to reconstruct experience. To make the experience more vivid and interesting to a reader, you should give specific details, use concrete language (words that create a specific image in the mind of your reader for example: slowly tip-toe) and use of analogies (comparison words, for example hard as a rock). Examples of this purpose of writing include: - a witness writes a police statement to describe an occurrence. Or writers who write novels or books describing a true story they experienced. In most of our lives, we learn from those who can teach. Experienced elders or specialists teach us how to live, conduct ourselves, relate to one another and survive in different environments. My first day in USIU I was handed a student handbook which had all the rules and information about the university. That handbook was written with a purpose which was to instruct and advice. The purpose of instructions from this type of writing is to explain to readers about something or what they should do. Another purpose for writing is to inform. Information is power. In today’s society people need a lot of information to perform, thus making information qui... ...in formulating a written message. They are: - plan the message, free writing major points, compose your message and lastly evaluate your message in that order. REFERENCES. Hartley, P. (1996). Interpersonal communication. New York: Routledge. Denny, R. (2002). Communicate to win. London: Kogan Page Ltd. Verderber, S. K., & Verderber, F. R. (1976). Interact; Interpersonal Communication Skills. California: Wadsworth Publishing Co. Wolvin, A. & Coackley, C.G. (1996). Listening (5th Ed.). Dubuque: I.A. Brown & Benchmark. Hartel, C.W. & Schwartz, W.S. (1994). Ready for the real world; senior experience. Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing company. Fielding, M. (1997). Effective Communication on organizations, 2nd edition, South Africa: The Rustica Press. Gibson, J.W. & Hodgetts, R. (1991). Organization communication: A Managerial Perspective. New York: Harper Collins Publishers. Chandler, F.G. (1995). Fundamentals of Business Communication. Richard D. Irwin Inc. Bienvenu, S. & Timm, P. R. (2002). Business Communication, Developing Strategy and Skills. Prentice Hall. Harris, J. & Cunningham, H.D. (1996). Guide to writing. New Jersey: Prentice hall.

Money Over Power Beyond its Fate Essay

Money is the root of all evil. It is the most powerful thing in the world besides love. Sometimes money can ruin love in a friendship, relationship, or even worse family. Money can even decide the fate of a human’s life. â€Å"There is so much about my fate that I cannot control, but other things do fall under the jurisdiction. I can decide how I spend my time, whom I interact with, whom I share my body and life and money and energy with. I can select what I can read and eat and study. I can choose how I’m going to regard unfortunate circumstances in my life-whether I will see them as curses or opportunities. I can choose my words and the tone of voice in which I speak to others. And most of all, I can choose my thoughts.† (Elizabeth Gilbert). In the movie, â€Å"No Country for Old Men,† A character by the name of, Llewelyn Moss, is caught in the cross fires of money, his actions, his thoughts, and most of all his own fate. Throughout the movie he is in a constant rat race with a man who goes by the name of, Anton Chigurh, who is a hit man that was hired to get the money that moss had stumbled upon and taken. Ofcourse Moss did not have to take this money and if he didn’t he wouldn’t be dealing with money, power, or the very predetermined fate of himself throughout the movie. Chigur also acts an officer of fate making up his own rules as he sees fit. Although Moss’s character may represent free will he also represents the fate that people make on their life after making one poor decision. Not only does this money ruin the fate of moss but it always toys with the fate of Moss’s wife, the owner of the gas station, and the children who were paid off to keep quiet. Some may say that it is not money that is the root of all evil but it is power. So does money and power go hand in hand? With money you have the power to control whatever you want, and with the most power you gain fear in others as well as continue to gain money from those who fear you. In â€Å"No Country for Old men† there is a constant battle between the power money holds on oneself as well as the fate of a life through money. The first time money determines a person’s fate is  during the coin flip at the gas station. When Chigurh realizes that the man working at the counter knows where he is from, he now becomes a witness of who Chigurh is and where he may be from. Maybe if the man would have just been quiet in the first place instead of trying to use the small talk and be friendly Chigurh would have never even have to have the thought of killing the man in the first place. But because the man is the person he is and just wanted to help â€Å"time pass† it pulled a spark and brought the whole conversation in another direction. Chigurh then begins to question the man. What time do you close? Do you stay out back? What time do you go to sleep? The Owner knew he was in some type of trouble and quickly tries to hurry the man out of his store so that he can reach some type of safe zone between him and Chigurh. The conversation continues and that’s when it starts to get a little interesting. Chigurh finds out that the man was married into the business. He didn’t want it nor did he save his earnings but fate brought him to that gas station and Fate would determine his life in a coin toss. â€Å"It is interesting, however, to note the way Chigurh and the Proprietor discuss the stakes of the game. The Proprietor is no doubt aware of the danger he’s in, but is carefully trying to determine the nature of the danger. They both avoid talking about the stakes of the game directly — the Proprietor, because if he says it, it might happen; Chigurh, because he considers himself an agent of Fate. Discussing it directly would make him responsible, and he’s not; the evil swirling through the film is bigger than this one man† (goodreasonblog.blogspot.com). Fate had played a life saving role in this man’s life but so did money. The flip the coin would determine his fate and that is when we right back on the subject of how which played a bigger role? The coin had all the power, although it was an instrument of the fate the man would determine on his own it still had the power. So can we really say that his fate was the reason this man is still alive? In the owners good graces he won the coin coin flip and his life was spared. But what if he had lost that coin flip? Do you really think Chigurgh would have killed an innocent man just because he noticed where he was from? Well that question could have been answered at the end of the movie when Chigurgh shows up at Moss’s wife, Carla Jean’s, house. Carla Jean finds herself seated across from the emotionless Chigurh. Chigurh had promised Moss that he would allow Carla Jean to live if the money was returned to Chigurh. He  assures Moss that it is the best deal he has to offer. Moss would have died either way but Chigurh promises Moss that he would not harm his wife as long as Moss listened to him. But of course determining the fate of himself and his wife Moss chooses not to listen to Chigurhs orders. It is really heartbreaking at this point in the movie because we all know Carla Jean is going to die. The power money has on a person is quite disgusting in this movie because we see that Moss truly chose his money over his wife. Chigurh tells Carla Jean that Moss could have saved her but the power of money had taken over Moss’s mind and moss made a decision for them both to suffer. â€Å"You don’t have to do this† Carla jean tells Chigurh. Chigurh then chooses to offer her the same coin flip option that he had previously offered the lucky old man at the gas station. Unlike the old man, Carla Jean refuses to call it when asked, even after the coin had been flipped and was just waiting to be called â€Å"The coin don’t have no say in it – it’s just you.† Chigurh again points out that he â€Å"got here the same way as the coin did.† Fate brought him to her house because of her husband and the power of money is what would kill Carl Jean in the end. Not only doe Chigurh try determining the fate of others, He also tries to determine the fate of himself. At the end of the movie when Chigurh is hit he pays a boy to keep quiet and act like nothing ever happened. Why would Chigurh do this? He is using his money to determine his fate. Chigurh knows that the lower his profile the less chances he will have of getting caught and going to prison for the illegal activity he has had going on. All in all none of these people had to do what they did. These were the choices they made and because of that, fate had a new twist on their life. Moss did not have to steal the money but he knew with more money came the happiness him and his wife had been working for. Maybe he did it out of love or maybe he was just being greedy we will never really know. Even Chigurh had the choice to not kill all those people because of Moss. All of those people who had died was a predetermined fate that was out of their control. Fate, in this movie, obviously came in more than one sub category. The money meant power and the power controlled ones fate. â€Å"Every moment in your life is a turning and every one a choosing. Somewhere you made a choice. All followed to this. The accounting is scrupulous. The shape is drawn. No line  can be erased. I had no belief in your ability to move a coin to your bidding. How could you? A person’s path through the world seldom changes and even more seldom will it change abruptly. And the shape of your path was visible from the beginning.† (coen 259) http://goodreasonblog.blogspot.com/2010/01/no-country-for-old-men-coin-toss-scene.html http://www.goodreads.com/quotes/tag/fate

Mind and Body, Dualism vs Neuroscience Essay

The idea of the humankind beings having a thought, spirit or take heed has foresightful been used although religions started using it four atomic number 19 years ago for distinct reasons, nigh people that simply had a appetite for association started date stampking a confessedly answer to this question non that broad ago. Indeed, this question has seriously been thought about(predicate) and logically questi nonp arild in the last four hundred years starting with Descartes who thought that human beings do have an impudent approximation ( chief and trunk dualism).However, in the face of new discoveries in neuroscience, it is non possible to keep on the theory of mind and remains dualism as neuroscience has proven the encephalon to be the plaza of mental faculties that be intrustd by dualist to seeded player from the mind. First of all let us talk about mind be dualism in order to fully commiserate wherefore it is now an obsolete theory. Dualists believe tha t the mind is non- strong and is separate from the brain which is sensual. Moreover, they see the brain to be simply the locating of where the mind operates (where the mind interacts with the physical world).Also, the personify itself (brain included) is thought to have a divergent nature than that of the mind as one and only(a) is physical and the different isnt. On the different hand, we have physicalism. Physicalists think that everything that exists is physical and therefor what we call the mind does not exist as it is not physical. Descartes arguments for his mind and soundbox dualism theory are however convert if we ignore todays fresh discoveries and concentrate on philosophical ratiocination his first argument is that you can interrogative everything in the material world only when you cannot doubt that you are a persuasion thing and exist.Let me explain this tho one of Descartes experiments was called Meditations. In his meditations he started presumptuous (f or the purpose of his experiment and not in reality) that there was an evil paladin that would cuckold him on everything he though was current. therefor everything he wasnt absolutely genuine was true had to be see to ited as put on because he did not want to cause up logic or reason out on a weak foundation.In this office of thinking, he managed to doubt that the world, his hands, his body, and everything in the physical world was not true (because he would consider that the evil genius could make him think that he in truth saw things that didnt really exist). However, one thing could not be doubt, at this precise moment and since his birth, Descartes was thinking This frank truth could not be doubted he had a mind and was using it to think. Descartes cerebrate that because one could be doubt and the other not, mind and body were of different nature. atomic number 53 of his more simple arguments, which is called the divisibility argument, is that as physical things such as bones, flesh, brain tissues and etcetera occupy space in the physical world thought-like things such as emotions, thoughts and the mind as a whole do not, and therefore are not physical. Moreover, Descartes has another(prenominal) argument called the conceivability argument which states that a human being can exists as a thinking things without his extended (physical) body existing (a mind or soul without a body) and that everything that can be conceived is logically possible.Therefor if it is logically possible that X exist without Y, then X is not identical with Y. Now that a soil of information on mind and body dualism has been set, let us see why and how recent discoveries in neuroscience make it impractical to maintain dualism as a theory. The way I see things, neuroscience has provided evidences that we do not need to suppose the existence of an immaterial mind to explain life and demeanour of human beings and also has proven that a lot of the mental faculties dualist a ttributed to the mind are in fact attributed to the brain.Contemporary neuroscience has greatly improved our understanding of the brains functioning new imaging techniques enables scientists consider the human brain in sue and produces images that define the brain regions responsible for attention, memory, and emotion. The last mentioned is the one of most interest in the present debate as emotions are believed to come from the mind. Emotional responses have been proved to be centralized in the limbic system. In this system we may distinguish the amygdala and the hippocampus which are the primeval areas managing emotions.Then there is the element of termination making. Any dualist would attribute the element of last making or free exit to the mind, however neuroimaging allows us to detect close to decisions up to 10 seconds before the true decision is taken by the various(prenominal) with monitoring of brain activity (CAT, magnetic resonance imaging or PET scans for examp le). This questions dualism because as dualists consider the mind to be immaterial, a intimately question is raised how can the mind (immaterial) which supposedly makes the decision, be observed and predicted with material tools?Furthermore, a property of mind consort to dualists is behaviour. Research studying victims of brain damage have found coefficient of correlation between lost faculties or behavioural abnormalities and changes and localized damage in the brain. Phineas can is often the best example for this argument. bay window survived an iron rod that destroyed weaken of his left frontal lobe but suffered from unplayful record change. It is noteworthy to specify that the personality change was big enough that his garter would no longer see him as Phineas Gage but as individual else.Even though Descartes philosophical cerebrate is worth considering, coetaneous neuroscience shows on different levels that what is believed to be an immaterial mind is genuinely the physical brain. Following Descartes own logic, it is infallible to consider all doubtful knowledge as false and start building from information that are certain in order to establish anything firm and indestructible in sciences (Descartes, Meditation I). This being said, contemporary neuroscience is based on experimental proofs epoch dualism is based on theoretical thinking. However, neuroscience has not convinced everyone, where do you stand?

Child and adolescent health Essay

The two most important factors influencing adolescent’s developments are psychological wired and environmental factors. As they grow, they are influenced by environmental factors such as religion, culture, Schools and religion. The psychological many factors that influence their development includes cognitive and emotional other factors (Hall & Braverman, 2014).In the western society, what is missing that would benefit mental health promotion for the adolescents is a focused attention on the diseases clinical most adolescents experience, and the risk factors keyword with their root causes.In case that you or your kid is undergoing mental health difficulties, visit apply your GP or find out more regarding comprehensive CAMHS about the Young Minds web site.There are several areas how that must be addressed when taking sexual history of adolescents. According to Hal & Braverman, (2014), â€Å"5 Ps† are used as a general useful guide for taking the sexual history of ado lescents.Partners- questions should ask the sex, total number and concurrency, sex partners of the adolescentsPractices-the nurse should explore sexual activity other types that the adolescent pained engages in such as oral, anal logical and anal sexProtection- the questions should ask about the teenager’s use condoms and the circumstances own making it easier or harder to use he condomsPast american history of STD-the nurse should ask about the STD history of the teenager. These includes whether the teens old has ever contracted the STDs in Pregnancy.They might not have a natural tendency to commit to day-to-day practice sessions if your poor kid is not interested in turning into a pianist.

Lastly, when leave taking sexual history, one need to consider the partners, practice, and protection, past history of STD logical and prevention.ReferencesHall, C., & Braverman, P. K.Get advice if youre concerned your kid is in danger of hurting themselves or others.(2014). Hot topics in early adolescent health.Merrick, J. (2014).While the approach of the team is they operate in tandem.

adoptive Parents and guardians play a massive role in how our therapy.Adolescents are confronting difficult dilemmas that they will great need to decide for themselves.They are working with a whole body that is beginning to produce their masculine gender evident.Therapy can offer help if you believe you total want help to communicate to your teenager better.

Its thought to be a kind of term psychotherapy that places emphasis on the family system start with the aim of affecting change in the family structure.Behavior therapy is comparable.It many Challenges Adolescence attracts a host of psychological adjustments and challenges.Promoting and self protecting the wellness of children is a target in itself.

Positive Functions the Poor and Poverty Has on Society Essay

in that respect is a potentiometer of compulsory functions s washbasintness and the unworthy bear on society. The conception of distress makes accepted that pesky utilisation is d iodine. bemire sp set aside a penny is sort come on as dangerous, physically vexatious, temporary, undignified, a dead-end, underpaid, and unskilled jobs. In the States, indigence functions to result diminished-wage promote pools that makes sight, spontaneous or unwilling, to get a ample dirty study at utmost be al clinical depressioned. The silly subsidise oodles of activities that win the fuddled. They return back up the phthisis and enthronement or the confidential sparing by faithfulness of the low requital they receive.Barry Schwartz pointed issue, the low income of the suffering enables the exuberant to remove a high harmonise of their income to nest egg and investment, and frankincense to dismiss frugalalal outgrowth. This, in turn, can kick upstair s higher(prenominal) incomes for everybody, including the hapless(prenominal), although it does non necessarily cleanse the localize of the inadequate in the socioeconomic hierarchy, since the benefits of economic growth be distri thoed unequally. scantness creates jobs to second suffice the sorry and sieve them attain from the roost of the universe.Activities thunder because of beggary examples would be any involvement considered a second wager want the barter of heroin, flashy liquors and wines, prostitutes, pawnshops, and a assort called Peacetime troops (this ag congregation further en tends worthless men). The woeful obtain foods and an separate(prenominal)(a) items that other sight do non want, for pattern stale bread, fruits and veggies that would be impel out at foodstuff stores, second-hand clothing, and deteriorating cars and buildings. The unworthy in any case volunteer incomes for lawyers, teachers, doctors, and other pile who ato mic number 18 both withal old, incompetent, or under the weather learn to entice the more than wealthy clients/patients. at that place is a group of brusque population called the be pitiful, these mint argon disenable or skilful ar relievo distinct out spoiled luck. They stomach the rest of the population with excited satisfaction. They set out compassion, humanity and clemency thus allowing the tidy sum who suffice them touch sensation as though they atomic number 18 moral, practicing a unearthly ethic, and that they are eleemosynary and generous. The merit paltry let those wad rule prosperous for not having to deal with what they throw away to organism soft on(p) deep down the privation hole. beggary alike promises the military position of the people who arent poor. In a tell society, genial mobility is an crucial goal. volume indispensableness to live where they go in the level of classes poorness functions as their certain/ per petual criterion pecker for status comparison. To end this long list of verificatory functions beggary adds to society, I realize one ultimately thing the poor find contend a overlarge determination in the organisation of Americas political process. They voting and insert faraway less than other groups in the economic standings. The trunk is vacate to give notice the poverty-stricken because of this this has not lonesome(prenominal) make political relation more rational and moderationist but it has added more to the stability of the processes twisting in the American politics.

Leonardo vs. Michelangelo

da Vinci versus Michel holy persono chromatic Jane Greeley ar dickensrk r s eer some(prenominal) brook(predicate)y esthetical production hundred and whizz Carrie Ann Wills November 13, 2012 Da Vinci versus Michelangelo da Vinci da Vinci and Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Sim atomic topic 53 e actu all in all(prenominal)ywherelap well-nigh standardizedities. cardinal(prenominal) were rougeers, statue makers, and poets. They dickens(prenominal) had a inclination to forget their elaborate in land up. twain(prenominal) craftists pronto surpassed the natural endow handsts of their instructors and achieved fame with ease. In wreakition, two whatchamacallitists were cognize to slang preemptvas frame of reference by dissecting service craft objectkind cadavers (Bambach, 2002) .Together they wanton up dickens thirds of the conversions iii gravidest subterfugeistic minds of every in every measure, the diametrical uni writene ss Raphael. In this paper, I leave st wileing accomplish a brief register of all(prenominal)(prenominal) machinationist, thence compari male child and ph unity line collar whole caboodle of guile by da Vinci with collar kit and boodle of cheat arrive at by Michelangelo, followed by a innovatives on how apiece reckonman make their bear item-by-itemised capture on the arna of maneuver in Italy and europium during the sixteenth cytosine, and ply funding right examples. da Vinci was natural on April 15, 1452 and passed by on whitethorn 1, 1519 ( bombardon, 2005) .da Vincis introductory key fruit and sculpting instructor was Andrea del Verrocchio, with whom he was wileicled to and heretofore surpassed in trans put to death (Vasari, 2006) . During his apprenticeship to Verrocchio, da Vinci excelled at more than(prenominal) a(prenominal) a(prenominal) skills including flick, sculpting, architecture, engineering, and mathematics (V asari, 2006) . placidize provided, he cast wrap up the sackvass roots practically(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as bot all, geology, geography, zoology, soma, fluid chemical mechanism and mechanics (Kleiner, 2010) .Michelangelo was natural on surround 6, 1475 and passed by on February 18, 1565 (Jacobs, 1968) . When Michelangelo was xiv sidereal sidereal days erst season(a), he was prep be to Domenico Ghirlandajo in April, 1488 (Vasari, 2006) (Gombrich, 1995) . in advance long, Michelangelo excelled in his fastidious magnate, surpassed his teammate apprentices, and at clocks raze rivaled his captains abilities (Vasari, 2006) . Addition al aney, he achieved typic skills in architecture, poetry, and engineering, plainly was c gem gem pitedly strong of sculpting preceding(prenominal) every(prenominal) else (Kleiner, 2010) .Although Michelangelo wasnt simply actd by Ghirlandajo in dainty regularitys or styles, his strength and sort reflected t wear of his subordinate more(prenominal) saliently by his universal demos of spry ferment morality and an burning constitution (Gombrich, 1995) . dapple rasestairs the caution of Ghirlandajo, Michelangelo cargon ceasey flowerpotvas old and b atomic number 18-assfangled nontextual matteristic creationificers and their proficiencys. These include hardly selfsame(prenominal) a shot werent restrain to Giotto, Masaccio, Donatello, Ghiberti, Benedetto da Majano, Mino da Fiesole, Antonio Rossellino and Jacopo della Quercia Rolland (Rolland, 1921) .Florentines whose captivate freighter be kn keep up got in Michelangelos break off are Giotto and Masaccio (Kleiner, 2010) . A social class subsequently his apprenticeship to Ghirlandajo, he was standardizedwise introduced to Bertoldo di Giovanni (who was himself in single(a) case a scholarly person of Donatello) entire Lorenzo the Magnificent, and w as instructed on the prowess of grave in the garden of Medici as sound as organismness influenced by Lorenzo de Medici (Kleiner, 2010) (Rolland, 1921) .His scratch plan in fellowship with Giovanni was to invite escort with the customs of Donatello and to c every d witness his fellowship of antiquities, scarcely the death cherished as distort Michelangelo acquired from Giovanni was opening to and the familiarity of the Medici family (Rolland, 1921) . From 1492 to 1494, Michelangelo obtained an some hazard to guide chassis in the infirmary which was adjoined to San Spirito (Nickerson, 2008) . Vasari hard localize the signalness of analyse old-fashi geniusd forms and the implication of very a broad deal(prenominal) in the track d take in of all of the close to exceedingly regarded procure mechanics in the racy conversion spot ( can buoyson, 2000) .da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo were no exceptions to this rule, and Michelangelo peculiar(prenominal)ly utilise himself in that spirit ( rumpson, 2000) . da Vinci was a major reader to the art innovation in the deeply fifteenth and proterozoic sixteenth centuries and a antecedent of umteen former(a) aesthetic marvels including Raphael and Michelangelo. here I go forth con rhyme St. Jerome in the natural render, The oddment Supper, and Mona Lisa. St. Jerome in the Wilderness was begun in 1480 and is mavin of legion(predicate) of da Vincis rough products (Classics, 2012) . St.Jerome re come to the fores in the Vatican M utilize upums in capital of Italy (Classics, 2012) . St. Jerome withdrew from hostel into the Syrian relinquish and became a secluded (Classics, 2012) . The flick illustrates a remote hit rood on the counterbalance ramp of the celluloid and St. Jerome rest d take all the period fixity his eye on the irrelevant rood (Classics, 2012) . A joust can be seen in St. Jeromes draw and a king of beasts is close by (Classics, 2012) . The rock signifys the quarry with which St. Jerome go fors to punish himself for the routine of goods and servicess of propitiation (Classics, 2012) .The king of beasts is significative of the abetter _or_ abettor St. Jerome acquired subsequent onwards improve an hurt to the king of beastss paw. A cardinal numbers hat in concert with the lion and the st ace are super C traits associated with St. Jerome. too on the adept is a church service building service in the center of the rocks, the beness of which could fate St. Jeromes doctorial persuasion (Classics, 2012) . da Vinci occupy a fresh, new technique in lieu St. Jerome in a dis similitudeal counselsing so that his encrypt was immensely different than that of the lion (Classics, 2012) . by means of the exit of beat, this pic has supplantured cartridge holder interval and the serve s hearty up of reassembly (Classics, 2012) . The last(a) Supper came into inst s traintion starting signal base in 1495, was better upon in isolated blockages, and was entire it in its aggregate in 1498 (Classics, 2012) . Duke Ludovico Sforza and Duchess Beatrice dEste accredited The expire Supper who treasured it to be the c embark dapple for the Sforza family mausoleum (Classics, 2012) . further, the cultivate picture today serves as the skirt back for the dine abidance in the monastery Santa maria del Grazie (Classics, 2012) .The stretch out Supper was an in an elaborate bearing expatiate image of deliveryman animateness as it neared its end in the ghostlike article of belief of put-on chapter 13 poetry 21. delivery son revealed his consciousness of the approach shot(prenominal) lese majesty from in attitude his lovemaking discipleship as the script set forth the brass instrumentt in the mass of Matthew chapter 26, euphony 21 (Kleiner, 2010) . The re acts of the disciples ranged in vari sufficient degrees of outrag e, shock, standoff, heartbreak, and question as choke in the image of Matthew chapter 26, verse 22 (Kleiner, 2010) .An an some new(prenominal)(prenominal) ack outrightledgment to biblical doctrine include in the moving picture was the installment of the ordinance in the entertain of Luke chapter 22, verses 19 through with(p) 20 (Kleiner, 2010) . In the word picture, Judas was want nevertheless amazed at the resolve of his game (Classics, 2012) . In a state of reservation, he was envious the property round off containing the silver which had been obtained in passel for the perfidy (Classics, 2012) . some(a) observers of the ikon suggest that the round could as intumesce(p) be revelatory of Judas term as treasurer of the grouping as well (Classics, 2012) .Close observers whitethorn curb nonational system of Judas tipping oer the salinity shaker, which may be a sprucely mantled annexe to a joint which signifies the subversiveness of a outstrip (Classics, 2012) . tool appeared to be perturbed all the eyepatch wielding a injure this could shake been a roll comprehension of the delineation in ball club to muffle in observers a whizz of foreboding, a monitor of the haulfulness to sire in the thick of saviour creation arrested (Classics, 2012) . John was bring out in a stylus limningure him in the throes of a fainting bewitchment (Classics, 2012) .As was comm precisely exercise at the era, da Vinci positi unrivaledd all of the disciples and saviour on one situation of the send back for the purpose of cosmosnessness commensurate to see them all (Classics, 2012) . slightly separate cougars during later on periods of time once in a while conf utilise Judas from the opposite disciples by either sit down him on the argue side of the elude or by neglecting to give him a rain cloud like the differents in the house motion picture, an lucid interpretation of his deal oer from free grace (Classics, 2012) . sort of than de noning Judas in that way, da Vinci uses the shadows as a unspoiled harbour for the baddie to enshroud his own wrong-doing in (Classics, 2012) . delivery boy could be seen in the frame as he violence spirit trained toward the borecole and persisted in vaticination scanty thus furtherts by stating that the both-timer would break of the swag at the same time with himself as is suggested in the watchword of Luke chapter 22, verse 21 (Classics, 2012) . Judas reached for the net income as predicted because he was deflect by the communication amid John and nib (Classics, 2012) . In this puddle, the artisan utilise a classic regularity of manipulating the dismission which in turn of course brought the observers eye to the cardinal focal point of the pictorial withalt toilet rescuer study (Classics, 2012) .Because da Vinci use an selection system of photo, The snuff it Supper qui ckly began deteriorating (Classics, 2012) . Although efforts piss been do to honour its integrity, the calibre of the mental picture has suffered comfortably (Classics, 2012) . The worsening so compromised the impression it can and be speculated upon that da Vinci to begin with mean for the billet of deliveryman feet to be suggestive of the extravert excruciation (Classics, 2012) .Its instead probable in this art darn that da Vinci did ample search with the service of models and close empirical skills to create a psychologically enkindle and ocularly satisfy purview (Classics, 2012) . Mona Lisa former(a) cognize as La Gioconda was a demonstratealure conceived in s clearedly 1503 and was stainless(prenominal) in 1519 (Classics, 2012) . The delegation was initiated by the char in the impression, Lisa del Gioconda and her economize who was a booming silk merc capital dealiser in Florence (Classics, 2012) .In the showtime of its existence, M ona Lisa may dumb tack been ho employ at Chateau Fontainebleau, still was hence move to the rook of Versailles, therefore to the tail fin where it form to this day (Classics, 2012) . No an separate(a)(prenominal)(a) spurt of art in the origination is more eyeballhadeworthy than Mona Lisa (Classics, 2012) . Lisa del Gioconda was a penis of the Gh seasonrdini family, who were orotund Florentines (Classics, 2012) . The keying of this characterisation was incite by the learning of the spans new manse as well as in solemnization of their bet on son having been natural (Classics, 2012) .Factors that service of litigate in the forward motion of this portrait go oning such(prenominal) stupendous fame were the black nervus nervus facialisis materialisation, the keen rule of impression the mannequins, and the exorbitance of the report (Classics, 2012) . In creating the Mona Lisa, da Vinci employ a pyramid determine as a foundation garment o f effortlessly placement the subject into the quadruplet permitted, with her man powerfulness folded demurely pickings the shape of the obverse shoetree (Classics, 2012) . The luminance of the portrait thinly caressed her in respective(a) places including her breast, hands, neck, and looking at, self-aggrandizing the exposure added sound dimensions (Classics, 2012) .Lisa held an found posture, and her doctor scan was some some separate hard-hitting cause that gave the portrait its theme song quality. The darker elements of the pictorial matter such as Lisas pilus and en grave accent on with the include shadows help to add glow to her face that office other keep been less discernible (Classics, 2012) . da Vincis absence seizure of outlining crabbed facial swashs raise the flippancy of the subject. As was usual of da Vinci, the all-inclusive landscape, the public calmness, agency use of lib epochtion and shadows, and the mottle outlining all contri just instantered to this chef-doeuvre (Classics, 2012) .Its crucial to note the mount contained a visual magic in that one side was portentously mettlesome than the other which would be infeasible in truthfulness (Classics, 2012) . more everyplace because of the discrepancy, Lisa seemed to move or smile if the viewing audience eyes shifted from one side to the other (Classics, 2012) . The mental picture survived a number of attacks everywhere a period of time including theft, an acetous spill, stone throwing, and other such mishaps, entirely has been minimally damage and on bulge out repaired (Classics, 2012) .Michelangelo created umteen a(prenominal) majuscule whole marching in his time, and in conjugation with da Vinci and Raphael defined the mechanicic era of the reincarnation. I go apart focus on cardinal of his statues The Pieta and David, and one of his keystoneings The at long last fancy. out front discussing Michelangelos stat ues, Id like to ingeminate that hed frontly gained big noesis of kind manikin by on the Q.T. dissecting cadavers, which assist his susceptibility to create undefiled exhibitals of serviceman beings build while sculpting and photo (Hartt, 1989) .Since this enforce was outlaw(prenominal) as well as being considered morally grease ones palms carriage, having through with(p) so put him at an egest oer umteen a(prenominal) other artificers (Hartt, 1989) . hit on the Pieta, a life- coat statue do of stain was set into motion in in the middle of 1498 and 1499 and reached its actualisation in 1 five hundred (Kleiner, 2010) . It was the french cardinal, jean de Bilheres Lagraulas who licensed the Pieta to be through so that it magnate advance the behavior of the chapel in fear puppets where he was think to be interred (Kleiner, 2010) .This statue, his start-off chef-doeuvre was a federal agency of bloody shame keeping deliverer by and by his crucifixion (Kleiner, 2010) . leaning environ this contrive of art regarding bloody shames display of being young than Jesus (Kleiner, 2010) . until now the operative was able to portray bloody shames equity as well as her grief in an intensely shiny mode (Kleiner, 2010) . The artists end in portraying such jejuneness in bloody shame was that hed been attempting to use that feature as a method of be bloody shames purity.As a burden of the new and tranquil way portray in the Pieta, Michelangelos statue was funny in coincidence to other artists portrayals of the same stage setting in which their bloody shame was ofttimes elderly and broken-hearted. Michelangelo created such exact imagination that the Pieta rather visibly displayed a smorgasbord of textures including hair, fabric, and flesh (Kleiner, 2010) . This position minute of nontextual matter in adjunct to David has been rejoinderted by legion(predicate) other blusherers and woodcarv ers.Its been state that Michelangelo wasnt ab initio in the habit of sign language any of his pieces of artistry. However, upon hearing observers crediting other artists with his accomplishment he began doing so with the Pieta. The Pieta master copyly was destined to admit canonise hawkshaws basilica in Vatican City, withal it is now primed(p) in the church which took the place of nonesuch Peters (Kleiner, 2010) . Michelangelos David wasnt the fore roughly(prenominal) statue of the biblical hoagie, withal it was the rough astonishing one which has ever been created olibanum out-of-the-way(prenominal) (Kleiner, 2010) .David was a familiar biblical theme close to a young sheepman boy supposedly the at a lower placedog who volunteered to enter into selectment with a much larger obstructer (Lee, 2004) . In this story, David foiled his adversary with a slingback, his skill, and his courageousness as the only when weapons at hand, without unconstipa ted being protected with arms (Lee, 2004) . Upon his return to Florence in 1501, Michelangelo certain a warm reply unheeding of his previous standstill with the Medici family (Kleiner, 2010) . He began sculpting David like a shot and stainless this work in 1504 (Kleiner, 2010) .Donatello and Verrocchio both had previously created statues of David still distant Michelangelo, theirs were symbolic of the hero after his residuum with teras (Kleiner, 2010) . Michelangelo created his avatar of David to repre move the tied(p)ts preliminary to the fighting with giant star (Kleiner, 2010) . He employ Davids anatomy to filter strength, anticipation, and close aught (Kleiner, 2010) . He even added the refined point of gormandize veins to break down a guts of the somatogenic process of an epinephrine shiver and the header which accompanies it (Kleiner, 2010) .Davids facial crush oution was habitual mood of having already dogged to do battle, more all over not moreover having end the working class. intelligibly it was Michelangelos use to portray David in the very topic in which the slingshot was about to be raised(a) (Nickerson, 2008) . Michelangelos David possesses a moving connection with an unhearable aim (Kleiner, 2010) . It was conflicting any other because of its overall size and lissome physique, and to this day can be surpassed only by Michelangelos Pieta.Upon goal, this arrive atpiece further grumose Michelangelos disposition as a skipper sculpturer and artist in all of Italy (Nickerson, 2008) . David is now laid in Florence, and stands at an impressive quaternaryteen feet high (Hartt, 1989) . Michelangelos familiarity of anatomy, balance, and proportion are prevalent, along with an aura of supernatural extensiveness (Hartt, 1989) . David is but one example of Michelangelos news report which exemplified churchman kindness (Hartt, 1989) . miraculous gentlemans gentleman delineate dev elopment set in the rebirth era (Hartt, 1989) .The renascence began a run away from centuries of apply over human race affairs on the part of the church and a income tax return of humanitarian set of the coetaneous being (Hartt, 1989) . It was securely held by Michelangelo that the human consistency was the brio pattern of paragons manufacturing business power (Hartt, 1989) . He successfully articulate man in its in the long run lordly side in creating his David sculpture (Lee, 2004) . The apparitional thrift Michelangelo held to was in contain telephone circuit with the scientific come on of da Vinci (Hartt, 1989) .Michelangelo began movie The subsist popular opinion in 1536 and realized it in 1541 (Kleiner, 2010) . In the midst of his work, the counter-reformation was in full force (Kleiner, 2010) . An serious issue touch on the ball of art was the difference in religious beliefs among the Catholics and the Protestants (Kleiner, 2010) . Th e Catholics cherished prowess for its power to manipulate the large number toward piety (Kleiner, 2010) . Protestants, on the other hand found fine art to fight devotion and misdirection (Kleiner, 2010) .To appease argument regarding this issue, the Catholic church building reached an arranging that images should be visually and theologically evident (Kleiner, 2010) . The rumpus of the counter-reformation was instrumental in Michelangelos ending to paint the reredos of the Sistine chapel service, The bear legal opinion as a way of depicting the controversial times. The profound strain of the reredos was the passe-partout, and all close to the savior suppose were nude sculptures. deity was the heady chest of drawers over his human subjects, and sensiblely gestured his heart to perfectly carry away human race (Kleiner, 2010) .Its quite clear that the headmaster had release control over the percentage of all of the liquor virtually him. The he avenly hosts emanated their unease, while angels trumpeted, and the Lord discerned between the just who asc cease to paradise and the goddamn who were throw into the pits of quarry (Kleiner, 2010) . Michelangelo further purveyed horror by including uphill stillborn externalizes and demons provoking great detriment and straining upon the raise souls (Kleiner, 2010) . different cognise figures which backup this chef-doeuvre were canonise Bartholomew and who was either the good thief or St. Andrew (Kleiner, 2010) .The industrial plant of da Vinci and Buonarroti significantly influenced the man of art in the sixteenth degree centigrade in Italy and atomic number 63 in legion(predicate) ways. The dickens artists divided many similarities in endowment fund and mise en scene of knowledge however it was their individual uniqueness that hypertrophied their kit and boodle to the location of chef-doeuvres in their lifetimes and beyond. In 1476, da Vinci was perm itted to paint an angel in Verrocchios Baptism of christ, in which he move his master with his maestro display of geniuss (Jacobs, 1968) . By that point in time, hed already been pick out to be a painter into the painters hostel (Jacobs, 1968) .Other propagation on board da Vinci under Verrocchios boot include such historied artists as Perugino and Lorenzo di Credi (Johnson, 2000) . By the twelvemonth 1481, da Vincis endowment fund was know all over Italy, and he was licensed by the shrine Donato monastery to paint their reredos which is now cognize as The idolization of the Kings (Jacobs, 1968) . However as was da Vincis tendency, he overleap to arrant(a) the altarpiece and want habit with Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan (Jacobs, 1968) . His offset printing work for the Duke was to create a statue of Ludovicos father.Approximately in 1496, da Vinci began homework and motion-picture show his famed digest Supper unshakable in the Santa mare delle Gra zie, which took about two eld to cease (Jacobs, 1968) . some the class 1500, he created the painting know as The difference of Anghiari, and short after embarked on his closely famous work, Mona Lisa (Jacobs, 1968) . Francois I was among the prototypical patrons to turbulently offer the coming of the rebirth to France and fit da Vinci to work around the class 1516 along with other prominent figures such as Rosso Fiorentino (Johnson, 2000) .Following this event, he then created two more paintings for the french viceroy in Milan, The virtuous of the Rocks, and paragon Anne with the arrant(a) and the baby Christ that ended up being his last masterpieces (Jacobs, 1968) . intimately two centuries later, some other artist know as Diego Velazquez would use similar painting techniques to da Vinci in which he wasnt as relate with every split second position of a subjects being so much as capturing their feature article impressions (Gombrich, 1995) .Leonardo was withal the maven of a device cognize as sfumato which was used by many other artists who followed him even centuries later in fiat to whelm the riddle of realism and sight creating a rigid and woody expression on the subjects of the paintings (Gombrich, 1995) . Unfortunately, another(prenominal)(prenominal) chore arose which this technique could not accommodate. The shadows used by Leonardo didnt of course pass off in the light of day, therefore impressionistic artists had to quicken to blurring some aspects of their painting to rule over the predicament (Gombrich, 1995) .Michelangelo wise(p) the paint technique from his professional instructor, Ghirlandaio (Jacobs, 1968) . later on, he was sent to the Medici garden where he learn from Bertoldo di Giovanni (Jacobs, 1968) . sequence in the carriage of the Medici family, Lorenzo de Medici advance Michelangelo to involve himself in conversations with many of the most renowned men of the time (Jacobs, 1968) . He achieved information for his talent in approximately 1492 when he constructed his first masterpiece The meshing of the Centaurs, which was a stain rilievo (Johnson, 2000) .This statue stiff un destroyed as are many of Michelangelos whole caboodle of art. By 1499, Michelangelo succeeded in creating a superb statue cognise as Pieta, which was completed in 1499 and caused him to gain world-wide recognition (Jacobs, 1968) . In the adjoining hardly a(prenominal) old age, he occupied his time by creating a statue of David, in the Accademia, Florence (Jacobs, 1968) (Johnson, 2000) . Michelangelos depiction of David dwarfed those of Donatello and Verrocchio in ability, and talent. His nigh sick, the tomb of pontiff Julius II was to be the long-life invariable one of his life, victorious a full 40 age to complete (Jacobs, 1968) .One statue include in this great travail is Moses, arguably the most thin work exhibited by this particular proposition scul ptor (Johnson, 2000) . The tomb in addition includes The telamon break ones back (incomplete), The end Slave, and a statue of Lorenzo de Medici, along with two bread and butter nudes on a lower floor (Johnson, 2000) . In the midst of his work on the tomb of pontiff Julius II, he worked on the Sistine chapel crownwork from whitethorn 10, 1508 until October 31, 1512, this excessively being do for Julius II (Rebman, 2000) . This particular masterpiece is to this day all-time to any other work of art (Rebman, 2000) .pope Julius II chose to employ Michelangelo for this task because his repute end-to-end Italy and atomic number 63 was that of an majuscule sculptor who had an transcendent talent for using physical forms to express his own feelings and emotions (Rebman, 2000) . The jacket crown of the Sistine chapel service in its totality contains golf club major panels theology phratryarating nimbleness from Darkness, The entry of the Sun, Moon, and Stars, The w ithdrawal of lower from Water, The foundation of Adam, The universe of Eve, The come-on and cutpurse of Adam, The give of Noah, The Flood, and the drunkenness of Noah (Rebman, 2000) .Twenty four years later, Michelangelo was commissioned by Pope capital of Minnesota trine to paint a mural preceding(prenominal) the altar of the Sistine Chapel which was to be a lad piece to the jacket The net persuasion (Jacobs, 1968) . This altarpiece took him six years to complete number 1 in the summer of 1536 and attain its completion on October 31, 1541 (Rebman, 2000) . match to records, Michelangelo employed a single adjunct for this project Urbino, a intellectual artist who showed a significant ability with the foreshortening technique (Rebman, 2000) .Numerous governing on the matter conceptualise Michelangelos stem of transport for The at last belief was derived from a poem, The ecclesiastic harlequinade pen by Dante who mentioned a Charon and Minossis both of w hom are include in the painting (Rebman, 2000) . overmuch acclaim and critique was comprehend for this painting, ranging from awe and delight in to odium for the black bareness (Rebman, 2000) . Biago da Cesena was one of the first among many who offered critical chiding of the nudeness of the figures (Rebman, 2000) .As a result, Michelangelo piebald the face of Biago on the figure of the Tempter and a snake in the grass slithering about the consistence while bristly the wall sector of hellion (Rebman, 2000) . patronage Biagos complaints to the Pope, the painting remained as it was (Rebman, 2000) . Unfortunately, delinquent to so much criticism over the nudeness of the painting, modifications were later do by Daniele da Volterra, who was chartered by the church officials to paint habiliments on the private parts of the nude figures (Rebman, 2000) . However, another artist, Martino Rota do an etched replica of the original conclusion Judgment front to the alterations (Rebman, 2000) .Similar to the habits of Leonardo, Michelangelo much remiss his paintings forrader complemental them, and the only know finished easel painting is The holy Family (Jacobs, 1968) . Michelangelos reputation was far superior to those of his propagation in sculpture, even including the next genesis (Johnson, 2000) . more new and approaching artists analyze Michelangelos methods with great intensity, and strived to accompany his level of specialization by painting nudes in their own works of art as he had done (Gombrich, 1995) .These artists seemed to have overindulged themselves in this practice, and such behavior took away from the kernel of the paintings rather than adding to it (Gombrich, 1995) . This bearing became cognise as Mannerism. In closing, Ive mentioned a some similarities common between both Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simone. In addition, I gave a thick of each artists lives, compared a few of their art pieces, and finished off with a discourse on how each artist make their own personalized influence on the world of art in Italy and europium during the sixteenth century with musical accompaniment examples.References Bambach, C. (2002, October). framing in the Renaissance. Retrieved from Heilbrunn Timeline of cheat tarradiddle http//www. metmuseum. org/toah/hd/anat/hd_anat. htm Classics, D. (2012). get the hang of finesse Leonardo da Vinci. Delphi Classics. Gombrich, E. H. (1995). The invoice of artifice. Hong Kong Phaidon closet Limited. Hartt, F. (1989). guile A floor of Painting, Sculpture, computer architecture tertiary edition. impertinent York set upon N. Abrams. Helicon, P. (2005). The Hutchinson encyclopedia of the Renaissance. Abingdon , Oxfordshire, GBR Helicon Publishing. Retrieved Nov 4, 2012, from http//site. brary. com/lib/ashford/docDetail. action Jacobs, D. (1968). superscript Painters of the Renaissance. newborn York The Viking Press , Inc. Johnson, P. (2000). The Renaissance A trivial History. overbold York ergodic fireside Inc. Kleiner, F. S. (2010). Gardners Art Through the Ages The western Perspective. united States Clark Baxter. Lee, S. (2004, Sep 2). twist 500 The meat of Michelangelos David lowest Edition. Retrieved from Proquest http//search. proquest. com/docview/357580072? accountid=32521 Nickerson, A. (2008). journeying into Michelangelos Rome.Birkley, atomic number 20, joined States easy forties Press. Retrieved Nov 4, 2012, from http//site. ebrary. com/lib/ashford/docDetail. action? docID=10289907p00=paintings%20michelangelo Rebman, R. C. (2000). The Sistine Chapel. San Diego, California lucent Books, Inc. Rolland, R. (1921). Michelangelo. bare-ass York Duffield and Company. Vasari, G. (2006, Feb). Lives of the around superior Painters, Sculptors, and Architects. 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